Physicist — George Francis FitzGerald (Dublin, 1851 – Dublin, 1901) was an Irish physicist, professor at Trinity College Dublin. He was among the first supporters of Maxwell’s electromagnetic theory in the English-speaking world and promoted its spread. In 1889, to explain the negative result of the Michelson-Morley experiment — which failed to detect the Earth’s motion through the ether — he proposed the idea that moving bodies contract in the direction of motion. The same hypothesis was advanced independently by Lorentz, and the “Lorentz-FitzGerald contraction” later became a natural element of Einstein’s special relativity. He died prematurely at 49.

Theories and contributions

  • Lorentz-FitzGerald contraction — Moving bodies contract in the direction of motion by a factor 1v2/c2\sqrt{1 - v^2/c^2}, explaining the null outcome of the Michelson-Morley experiment.

Linked atoms

1 linked atoms.

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