Concept — Processes that change the state of a gas: isothermal, isobaric, isochoric, adiabatic.
Present in chapters
10·12
Linked atoms
69 linked atoms.
10 Trasformazioni irreversibili e bilancio energetico
- Compressed air heats up
- Heat in an isothermal process
- Different paths, same state
- Adiabatic compression
- Two paths in the p-V plane
- Free expansion of a gas
- Free expansion into a vacuum
- Identifying the gas
- Working backwards: from L to the volume ratio
- Working backwards: Q in an isobaric process
- Isochoric and isobaric
- Isothermal and adiabatic
- The bicycle pump
- Work in an isobaric expansion
- Work in an isobaric process
- Work in a cycle
- Paths in the P-V plane (heating processes)
- Ranking: heat absorbed in four transformations
- Ranking: work in expansions
- Heating at constant pressure: the coefficient Cp
- Heating with a movable piston (and the atmosphere)
- Heating a gas at constant volume
- Challenge: fast adiabatic pump
- Summary: four-stage cycle
- Same temperature, different heat
- Estimate: work of a hot air bubble
- Irreversible transformations
- Real transformations and ideal transformations
- True or false on the first law and expansion
- True or false on transformations
11 Entropia
- Given ΔS, find V2
- Entropy of an ideal gas
- Entropy in free expansion
- Worked exercise — free expansion is not reversible
- Isothermal expansion: ΔS of the gas
- Gas in reversible adiabatic expansion
- Reading an S-T graph of a transition
- Ranking ΔS in expansions
- Ranking ΔS in three expansions
- Reversible and irreversible
- ΔS of an isobaric heating process
- Is ΔS equal to zero admissible?
12 Cicli e macchine termiche
- Reversible adiabatic process
- What makes a transformation reversible
- Worked exercise — simplified Carnot cycle
- Worked exercise — reversible vs irreversible isothermal expansion
- General formula for the entropy of a gas
- Named cycles
- The ln P – ln V diagram
- Reversible isobaric process
- Reversible isochoric process
- Reversible isothermal process
- The curve in the P-V plane
- Problem — Area of a p-V cycle
- Problem — Carnot in p-V (adiabats vs isotherms)
- Problem — Carnot cycle in the ln P – ln V plane
- Problem — Carnot cycle in the T-S plane
- Problem — Rectangular cycle in the p-V plane
- Problem — Adiabatic compression of a diatomic gas
- Problem — Proof of the Carnot efficiency
- Problem — Drawing a Carnot cycle (engine and refrigerator)
- Problem — Stirling engine
- Problem — Realistic petrol engine (Otto vs Carnot)
- Problem — Efficiency of the Brayton cycle
- Problem — Efficiency of the Diesel cycle
- Problem — Efficiency of the Otto cycle
- Problem — True or false on reversibility and cycles
- Properties of a cycle
- Summary table of transformations